Electromagnetic and mechanical brake



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet'l.

J. E. PARKER. ELETRM'AGNETIU AND MBCHANIGAL BRAKE. No. 585,937, PatentedJuly 6, 1897r oms percus co. mnvdumm wnsnmmum n. e

\ (No Model.) -2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. E. PARKER. ELBGTROMAGNBTIG AND MEGHANICAL BRAKE. No. 585,937.

Patented July 6, 1897.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

ATENT Erica.

JOHN E. PARKER, OF BAYNNE, NEV JERSEY.

ELECTROIVIAGNETIC AND` MECHANICAL BRAKE. p

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 585,937, dated July 6,1897.

Application filed December 17, 1895. Serial No. 572,444. (No model.)

To LZZ whom, t may conc/crie' Beit known that I, JOHN EDWARD PARKER, aresident of the city of Bayonne, county of Hudson, and State of NewJersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic andMechanical Brakes for Street-Cars and other Cars Driven by an ElectricCurrent, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to design a simple and inexpensiveelectric brake for cars operated by electricity.

My design consists in using the brake-bar and brake-blocks as anelectromagnet, which when actuated by an electric current shall causethe said brake-bar and brake-blocks to be forcibly attracted to theinner surface of the car-wheel, thus retarding it.

The invention consists, further, in bolting or otherwise fastening adisk (or two half` disks) of steel upon the inner surface of thecar-wheel which acts in conjunction with the electromagnetic brake-barand brake-blocks, as aforesaid, presenting the necessary metallicsurface for the attractive action of said electromagnetic brake bar andblocks when actuated by a current of electricity.

The invention also consists of parts for operatin g said device and forapplying the brake by hand-power and also a novel apparatus forcontrolling and applying the electric current for the operation of thedevice.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming partthereof.

Figure l is a top view of a car-truck fitted with my device in detail.Fig. 2 is a top view of the apparatus for controlling the application ofthe current, a portion being broken away to better illustrate otherportions. Fig. 2ad is a detail of Fig. 2, showing a ratchet-andpawlarrangement and used as a stop to prevent the backward movement of thehandle after the brake has been applied. Fig. 3 is a central verticalsection through Fig. 2. Figs.

4, 5, 6, and 7 are details of the brake mechanism.

It is understood that the plan for the bearings and minor parts of Fig.l may be altered in form to suit the various designs of cartrucks.

Referring to Fig. 1, a a' a2 are disks or half disks of steel having asmooth surface and which are bolted or otherwise fastened to the innersurface of the car-wheel. B C show the electromagnetic brake bar andblocks, which is a bar of soft iron wound with insulated wire D, havingholes at each extremity for the bearings. This bar may be wound insections, if found desirable, in order to give it quicker action.

E is a metal frame forming in front the bearings for the electromagneticbar, which is movably placed on said bearing, and F shows the spiralsprings which draw the brake-bar back to its position after the electriccurrent releases it.

G is a bar of metal having a right and left handed screw-thread at eachextremity, so that the action on the advancing and retreating brakeswhen it is manipulated by hand may be in unison. Said threads fit intothe frame and move the brakes for each wheel forward or backward at thewill of the operator. Said metal bar carries a sprocket-cylinder G onits center, provided with sprocket or other description of chains H,which connect not only the two frames actuating each set of wheels, butalso places the apparatus under the control of the operator.

P is the axle of the car-truck, m the axleboX, and p the car-wheel.

Referring to Fig. 2, R is a base upon which is placed a circular raisedrim of brass (or other metal) U, made in sections insulated from eachother,'U U2, dec.

T is a metal arm or pointer, at the end of which is'a grooved wheeldesigned to run on the upper edge of the sectional metal rim andcarrying the main currentfrom the line. It is operated by means of theinsulated metal handle S outside the covering.

U2 is that section of the circular sectional rim which carries the brakeconnection and is connected by wire underneath the base `to thegraduated brake-keys W WV W2 W'S.

These keys are put into connection with graduated electrical shuntsplaced under the base by depressing the key, so that any desired powermay be placed on the brake at the will of the operator. L and lare partsof a ratchetand-pawl wheel placed on the apparatus at S for the purposeof preventing the operator from turning the pointer backward afterputting on the brake, as such an act would place the full current atonce on the motor, which is not desirable, as there would be danger ofburning the fuse-plug. Therefore it is necessary it should be turnedforward, where it meets connection with U3 U4 U5, &c. These sectionscarry graduated electrical shunts placed under the base and areconnected with the motor, so that in turning the arm forward the currentis returned to the motor gradually. The arm can, however, be turnedbackward from full motor power to a lesser power and to full poweragain, but after the brake-section is used it must go forward; hence theratchet-wheel and pawl.

It will be understood that the above-mentioned parts and also the numberof brakekeys and shunts and the motor-shunts may be increased ordecreased as experience may dictate, and also that any other deviceinstead of finger-keys for bringing the brakeshunts into operation (suchas a sliding arm similar to the brake-arm) may be used if it is foundmore convenient in practice than keys.

The steel disks ci a a2 may be made to iit into the hollow space betweenthe hub and the inner ring of the wheel and maybe thick enough toproject slightly above the level of the inner surface of the wheel-rim,so as to present a clear smooth surface for the operation of thebrake-blocks.

A is made in two pieces, if wished, so that the disks may be fitted tothe wheel without removing it from the axle.

U3 U4 U5 U U7 U8 U9 are those sections of the circular sectional metalrim which are in connection with the motor through graduated electricalshunts underneath the base and serve to place the current on the motorby graduated steps.

Z represents the resistances for regulating the current in returning itto the motor; V, the resistances for regulating the strength of thebrake-current; Y, the earth-terminal.

E', Fig. l, is a regulator-screw placed on the frame in the rear of thebrake-bar B for regulating said bar in respect to its distance from theinner surface of the wheel, and also provides a stop to the backwardmotion of the bar when it is thrust forward by the shaft G.

I-Iaving now described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In anelectromagnetic and mechanical brake, and in combination,anelectromagnetic brake bar and blocks placed horizontally injuxtaposition to car-wheels and a metal frame supporting said bar andblocks,engaging with a shaft placed transversely across the car andhaving a screw-thread at each extremity and controlled by hand by meansof a sprocketcylinder and sprocket-chains causing the brake-blocks toadvance or retreat in respect to the inner surface of the car-wheels,substantially as` described.

2. In an electromagnetic and mechanical brake, an apparatus forcontrolling the brake electrically consisting of a movable arm orpointer radiating from a center and carrying the main current from theline, and in movable connection with sectional metallic pieces placed ona base and forming a circular sectional conductor, said metallicsections being in connection with graduated resistances placedunderneath the base and bridging the metallic sections U3 U4 U5 UG U7 U8U9, said resistances being used to return the current to the motor bygraduated steps after its use on the brake-circuit, and further, adevice by means of finger-keys or the like, for graduating theapplication of the current to the brake-circuit by placing the maincurrent in connection with the brake through graduated resistances V,substantially as described.

3. In an electromagnetic and mechanical brake, placed horizontally andmovably in juxtaposition to the inner surface of carwheels and attractedthereto when energized by an electric current and an apparatusconsisting of an arm or pointer of metal radiating from a center andcarrying the main current, and a circular sectional conductor of metalplaced on a base, said arm being in movable connection therewith, themetallic sections being bridged by resistances for graduating the returnof the current to the motor after its use on the brake-current, andfurther of a device, which by the use of finger-keys or the like themain current is brought into connection with the brake throughresistances for the purpose of graduating its application to the brake,substantially as described.

J. E. PARKER.

Vitnesses:

E. M. BARNES, C. E. RICE.

